biography
| name: |
Stanley, Sir Henry Morton
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originally John Rowlands
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| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1841–1904)
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| biography:
| Explorer and journalist, born in Denbigh, Denbighshire, NC Wales, UK. Abandoned as a child in a workhouse, in 1859 he went as cabin boy to New Orleans, where he was adopted by a merchant who bestowed his own name on the young man. In 1867 he joined the New York Herald, and as its special correspondent he travelled to Abyssinia and Spain. Instructed to ‘find Livingstone’ in Africa (1869), he left Zanzibar for Tanganyika (1871) and encountered Livingstone at Ujiji. In 1874 Stanley led a second expedition which explored L Tanganyika, and traced the Congo to the sea. On a third expedition (1879), he founded the Congo Free State, and a further expedition went to the aid of Emin Pasha in the Sudan (1887–9). He became a US citizen in 1885, but returned to Britain (1890), re-naturalized in 1892, and became an MP (1895–1900). He was knighted in 1899. |
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