biography
| name: |
Pius IX
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known as Pio Nono, originally Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti
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| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1792–1878)
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| biography:
| Pope (1846–78), born in Senigallia, E Italy. He became Archbishop of Spoleto in 1827, and a cardinal in 1840. He introduced several reforms, but after the 1848 revolutions (during which he was forced to flee from Rome) he became progressively more conservative, and condemned modernism in theology. He decreed the dogma of the Immaculate Conception in 1854, and called the Vatican Council (1869–79), which proclaimed papal infallibility. He refused to recognize the new state of Italy, into which Rome was incorporated in 1870, after which he lived a voluntary ‘prisoner’ within the Vatican until his death. His pontificate is the longest in papal history. His beatification was announced in 2000 |
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