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biography
| name: |
Domela Nieuwenhuis, Ferdinand
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pronunciation:
[dohmuhla neewenho
| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1846–1919)
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| biography:
| Dutch politician, born in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. He was a Lutheran minister until 1879, when he turned socialist and left the church. He was secretary of the Sociaal-Democratische Bond (SDB) and published widely. In 1882 he founded the Union for Universal Suffrage. In 1886 he was convicted of lese majesté (one year in prison) for an article ‘De Koning komt’ (The King is Coming) in Recht voor Allen, the socialist journal of which he was founder-editor, although he did not write the piece. In 1888 he entered parliament as the first socialist member. After failing to be re-elected he promoted striking rather than parliamentary action, but when the Socialist Union also rejected parliamentary action he founded the Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij (SDAP) in 1894. He eventually tired of the parliamentary system and in 1897 left the social democrats to join the anarchist movement, publishing Vrije Socialist. He was against all organization and welcomed the Russian Revolution but rejected the Bolsheviks. His most famous work was arguably Een Vergeten Hoofdstuk (1898), a chapter supposedly ‘left out’ from the official record of Queen Wilhelmina's coronation, dealing with the appalling conditions of the working class. |
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