biography
| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1915–76)
|
| biography:
| Conductor, born in New York City, New York, USA. As a talented African-American child, he was helped by Eleanor Roosevelt. Although he studied at Juilliard and Columbia University, and founded the American Youth Orchestra in 1944, racial conditions in the USA led him to concentrate on a career in Europe, where he was widely admired. |
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