biography
| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1772–1847)
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| biography:
| Iron-master, born in Dalkeith, Midlothian, EC Scotland, UK. He discovered black band ironstone at Calder Ironworks near Glasgow in 1801, and maintained against strong opposition that it was suitable for smelting. After the invention (1828) of the hot blast process by James Beaumont Neilson (1792–1865) it became widely used in the Scottish iron industry. He showed that non-phosphoric oxides of iron could be used to make better quality wrought iron, patented a process for making cast steel from wrought iron, and discovered the beneficial effects of adding manganese to iron and steel. |
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