biography
| name: |
Newman, John Henry, Cardinal
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| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1801–90)
|
| biography:
| Theologian, born in London, UK, into a Calvinist family. He studied at Oxford, became a fellow of Oriel College, and was ordained in 1824. He was a vigorous member of the Oxford Movement, composing a number of its tracts, notably Tract 90, which argued that the intention of the Thirty-nine Articles was Catholic in spirit. This led to the end of the Movement, and his own conversion to Catholicism (1845). He went to Rome, and joined the Oratorians, returning to set up his own community in Birmingham. He published several essays, lectures, and sermons, as well as a spiritual autobiography, Apologia pro vita sua (1864, Apology for His Life). A moderate in the controversies of the Vatican Council, he was made a cardinal in 1879. |
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