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biography
| name: |
Artaxerxes II
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Gr Mnemon
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pronunciation:
[ah(r)tazerkseez]
| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (d.358 BC)
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| biography:
| King of Persia (404 BC–358 BC), the son and successor of Darius II. Early in his reign, his brother Cyrus the Younger attempted to assassinate him and seize the throne, but Artaxerxes finally crushed him at the Battle of Cunaxa (401 BC), where Cyrus was killed. Artaxerxes was ruled by the will of his wife and mother and relied heavily on his officials. His troubled reign included two failed expeditions against Egypt (385–83 BC and 374 BC), rebellions in Anatolia, and wars against the mountain tribes of Armenia and Iran. He introduced an important change in Persian religious life by reviving the cults of Anahita and Mithra, two deities of the old popular Iranian religion. |
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