biography
| name: |
Richard I
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| |
known as Richard Coeur de Lion or Richard the Lionheart
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| sex:
| male
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| lived:
| (1157–99)
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| biography:
| King of England (1189–99), born in Oxford, Oxfordshire, SC England, UK, the third son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Of his 10-year reign, he spent only five months in England, devoting himself to crusading and defending the Angevin lands in France. Already recognized as an outstanding soldier, he took Messina (1190), Cyprus, and Acre (1191) during the Third Crusade, and advanced to within sight of Jerusalem. On the return journey, he was arrested in Vienna (1192), and remained a prisoner of the German Emperor Henry VI until he agreed to be ransomed (1194). The rest of his reign was occupied in warfare against Philip II of France, while the government of England was conducted by the justiciar, Hubert Walter. Richard was mortally wounded while besieging the castle of Châlus, Aquitaine. |
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