biography
| name: |
Egas Moniz, António (Caetano de Abreu Freire)
|
pronunciation:
[moneezh]
| sex:
| male
|
| lived:
| (1874–1955)
|
| biography:
| Neurosurgeon and diplomat, born in Avença, W Portugal. Professor of neurology at Coimbra (1902) and Lisbon (1911–44), he was also a deputy in the Portuguese parliament (1903–17) and foreign minister (1918), and led the Portuguese delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (1918). He is best remembered as the founder of modern psychosurgery, and he shared the 1949 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the development of prefrontal lobotomy as a radical treatment for some mental disorders. He also developed the technique of angiography (the X-ray visualization of blood vessels in the brain by injecting an opaque dye into the circulation), used to diagnose brain tumours. |
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