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biography
pronunciation:
[ahmad shah jurahn
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| male
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| lived:
| (1724–73)
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| biography:
| Founder and first monarch of Afghanistan. A chieftain of the Durrani clan of the Abdali tribe, and a cavalry general under the Persian emperor Nadir Shah, he was elected king of the Afghan provinces in 1747. He established his capital at Kandahar, and made nine successful invasions of the Punjab. In 1761 he defeated the Marathas decisively at the Battle of Panipat, but was eventually obliged to acknowledge Sikh power in the Punjab. |
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